![]() ![]() Other implementationsīefore LFN support was implemented into the FAT family of file systems, various file managers provided their own methods to attach and maintain longer file descriptions. ![]() Although drivers such as DOSLFN can be loaded in almost any versions of DOS, it works best on DOS versions that have support for LFN themselves, such as MS-DOS 7.10, so that DOS commands such as DIR would show long file names as well. The following is a list of drivers that can be used to provide support for VFAT long file names as used in Windows 95. 255-character mixed-case long filename is possible only for files or folders with no sub-folders at the root folder of any drive. The maximum length of a pathname is 256 characters, which includes all parent directories and the filename. This is achieved by chaining up to 20 directory entries of 13 2-byte Unicode characters each. The long filename system allows a maximum length of 255 UCS-2 characters including spaces and non-alphanumeric characters (excluding the following characters, which have special meaning within the COMMAND.COM command interpreter or the operating system kernel: / : * ? " |). This problem does not exist for FAT32 volumes. There is space only for 25 long filenames of maximum length (512/20). Since long filenames use more than one directory entry, this problem may occur with fewer than 512 files or folders in the root directory. Also, one is more likely to encounter issues creating files or folders in the root directory, since FAT12 and FAT16 only allocate space for 512 root directory entries on hard disks. ![]() Limitsīecause the FAT LFN implementation is layered atop an older, more limited naming system, there are inevitable complications, such as if an attempt is made to create too many files with the same first six letters. Many APIs providing access to files by pathname cannot see the new, longer names without a supporting driver. LONGNAME extended attributes that are incompatible with Microsoft's implementation and only visible to tools supporting OS/2's standard. However, the Windows 95 version of File Manager came from Windows for Workgroups 3.11. NT 3.5 added FAT LFN support in preparation for Windows 95. Windows NT supported LFNs on NTFS file systems starting with the release of NT 3.1, and all of its utilities, including File Manager, were updated to support LFNs. Microsoft did not add LFN support to many of its older programs, including File Manager, the Windows 3.1x (Windows for Workgroups) file manager that was made obsolete by the new operating system shell, Windows Explorer. Upon booting into plain DOS, the long filenames are not visible unless a VFAT LFN driver is installed. For example, a DOS program performing sector-level directory operations while Windows was in DOS mode could destroy long filename information so, by default, sector-level access to hard disks was disallowed in this mode. When LFN support was first introduced into an MS-DOS-based operating system in the form of Windows 95, it caused some problems for older programs. Programs running on older OSs could still access the files' short names, while newer, LFN-aware OSs and programs could use the longer ones. Microsoft implemented support for LFNs in the FAT filesystem by using hidden directory entries, of the volume label type, to store the longer names this scheme is known as VFAT, and was chosen for compatibility, as volume labels are generally ignored by programs and operating system (OS) components.
0 Comments
Shop Certified Refurbished PC Desktops and All-in-One ComputersĮBay Refurbished items are sold by eBay-approved sellers. Shop state-of-the-art gaming rigs from trusted names like Dell, HP, and Alienware, and gear up to play the latest PC games with stunning visuals, high FPS, and swift load times. Shop Gaming DesktopsĪside from PCs suited for work and casual entertainment, eBay also offers pre-built gaming PCs for both light gaming and serious gaming. But on the flip side, if you do a lot of video or audio editing, general multitasking, or playing games, you will want a fast multi-core processor. For example, if you want to surf the web and check email, a multi-core processor or a fast clock speed is not required. How you determine the right CPU depends on how you plan to use your computer. Processor TypesĪ computer uses the processor unit to interpret data and write the data for storage or display on the monitor. Additionally, the OS should be easy to use, especially if you just want to fire up the machine and get to work. ![]() For this reason, the OS on your machine needs to meet your needs plus be upgradable to meet your demands in the future. Know the SystemĪ computer's operating system is the single most important part of a computer some refer to it as the brain of the unit. A plus to this sort of system is that users can upgrade to a bigger monitor or replace a non-working one without having to purchase a complete system, thus saving time and money. Typically, this is the first type of system that comes to mind when a home computer gets mentioned. There are two parts to a desktop, the tower, which contains all the hardware, and the monitor. As a bonus, set up is super fast and easy: remove it from the box and set it on the desk! What's a Desktop Computer? ![]() It takes up less space, which is especially important in small offices or where space is limited. There is no need for a tower and separate monitor. ![]() What's an All-in-One Computer?Īn All-in-One computer is precisely what it sounds like: it's a system that offers everything you need in one unit. eBay not only has a large selection, exceptional prices, buy it now and auction style listings, but offers top brands such as Acer, Alienware, ASUS, Dell, and HP. There are two main types of home and office computers, PC desktops and All-in-One computers. ![]() This is one of the great ways to get rid of bags under your eyes fast. You must get a relief from this eye bags within approximately 20 – 25 minutes. Vitamin E always gives a soothing effect and chilled water gives the coolness. Then dip a cotton balls in this mixture and after that place the cotton balls on your eyes.Take just a few drops of this oil with some amount of chilled water.You can take vitamin E oil for reducing the eyes bag This chilled cucumber will provide you a relief. Try to keep it for more than 30 minutes.Just get slices of chilled cucumber and then place the slices on your eyes.This is one of the oldest and most effective tricks which you can easily find in the book. These all help you to get the benefit of aromatherapy that can make your nerves soothe. You can also utilize flavored teabags like peppermint flavor or cardamom flavor. After that, place this teabag under your eyes if these turn perfectly cool. Next take out this teabag after 2 minutes and allow them to become dry. In this step, you have to boil some amount of water and then take two teabags in it. The eyes bag will be gone very quickly and you may feel very fresh and rejuvenated.Īnother way to utilize this teabag is with hot water.Next put these cold teabags on your eyes for minimum 15 to 20 minutes and then wash your face very gently.If you are in urgency, you can take the two teabags, then moisten them, and after that place them in your freeze for a few minutes.Teabags are most effective way to get rid of bags under eyes quickly. You find the gel compresses at stores these all are specially designed for your eye area.īut this method only works just for a few hours this is not a permanent solution.Take the compress for a few minutes on your freeze. ![]() Try to apply a cold compress for at least ten to fifteen minutes, once or twice a day. Other effective solution of bags under eyes is cold compress. So here are some perfect natural ways to get rid of bags under eyes. Other common cause for the development of eye bags are over smoking, over alcohol drinking, hormonal imbalances or issues connected with kidneys or the large intestines.Eye bags can also be developed if the person is exposed long hours on sun.Lack of sufficient amount of sleep, getting over stress, and watching television or computer screens for long time can make a negative effect on the health of your eyes, this leads to puffiness or eye bags.It can also be an indication of the deficiency of proper nutrition like proteins, vitamins, folic acids or sufficient amount of fats. Hereditary is other major reason for developing puffiness under your eyes.There are lots of allergies which must be stopped though perfect medication. A sudden development of eye bag can be raised due to allergic reaction coming from food or cosmetic products. ![]()
Using smart algorithms, Duplicate Photos Fixer Pro looks for exact matches based on the file name. One nice benefit is the ability to conduct the duplicate scan of folders and photo apps located on internal and external storage devices connected to your desktop. The app also offers the ability to complete a duplicate detection task in a fast and effective way. If you think you deleted some duplicate photos by accident, the recovery feature is only a click away in the Removal History pane.ĭuplicate Photos Fixer Pro is a straight forward duplicate cleaner available for Mac, Windows, iOS and Android devices.įixer Pro promises to be a simple way to clean your system and recover wasted space on your desktop. ![]() ![]() The well-designed Merge Folders screen layout in particular leaves no doubt as to what’s about to happen after you click the Review & Merge button. While other apps in this list can certainly help find similar photos and remove duplicate photos with ease, the user interface of Duplicate File Finder is a step above its competitors. There’s also the opportunity to see similar folders on your hard drive – used in conjunction with the Merge Folders function, you can organize your files when cleaning duplicates. The Cleanup Hints are a nice way to see what the Duplicate File Finder app thinks you should be doing – it can suggest that you delete duplicate photos and the file size savings that you’ll be rewarded with if you follow the advice. The Auto Select function is also a handy time-saving feature. Once it’s found the duplicate pictures, you can review and remove them with just one click. If you’re looking for a duplicate photo finder that finds all kinds of other duplicated files as well as similar photos, this neat Mac app from Nektony is a great option.ĭuplicate File Finder quickly searches your hard drive for similar photos – whether that’s exact duplicates or similar images that you may have shot in succession with burst more. This is the best duplicate photo cleaner online, and don’t worry if you’ve got a Windows device-I’ve got plenty of photo cleaning apps for you to pick from! Gemini 2 is our choice of best duplicate photo finder software that streamlines your photo file management and optimises your hard disk space effortlessly. Fortunately, the duplicate cleaner moves selected files to the system trash or a designated folder rather than deleting them altogether – you’re always in complete control of the final deletion process.įine-tuning the search parameters before and after a scan is painless and responsive. Once you identify the folders or drives to be cleaned, Gemini 2 uses various parameters to identify copies versus original files.Īfter cleaning up, it provides a diagnostic report that includes any found duplicates and recovered hard disk space. ![]() ![]() It’s fast and efficient and the interface is well-designed and attractive – typical of MacPaw products. Gemini 2 has a mobile app that is the best duplicate photo finder for iPhone and iPad. You don’t have to be stuck dealing with overeager storage transfers on iOS devices. Gemini 2 will also locate duplicate iTunes files and delete them to free up some valuable hard disk space – iOS devices are notorious for transferring and storing much more than is actually necessary. If duplicate photos plague your Mac, Gemini 2 is an optimised and intuitive choice that takes the hassle out of locating all those duplicates that tend to fall between the cracks. The Mac-only application is a significant upgrade from the previous version. Developed by MacPaw, Gemini 2 is our best duplicate photo finder and cleaner app – it does what it promises and does it well. ![]() If the app is called “Wi-Fi Diagnostics”, here is what you need to do: Outside of accessing the tool, all functionality remains the same. Newer builds of Mountain Lion (10.8) changed it slightly, and those changes are reflected in OS X Mavericks (10.9) as well. Now that you have the Wifi app in an easy to find location, using it is slightly different depending on your OS X version. Locate “Wi-Fi Diagnostics” (or “Wireless Diagnostics”, depending on OS X version) and drag and drop it into Launchpad or the OS X Dock for easy access.From any Finder window, hit Command+Shift+G and enter the path: /System/Library/CoreServices/.Making Wi-Fi Diagnostics Easier to Access in OS Xįor other versions of OS X, like OS X Mountain Lion, you’ll want to make the Wi-Fi Diagnostics app readily available by bringing it to LaunchPad or the Dock, to do that: This is obviously much easier in modern versions of Mac system software, but don’t worry if you’re not on OS X Yosemite, you can still access and use these tools with the directions below. This will open the wireless card to detect all possible nearby wifi networks, effectively stumbling onto available wireless routers and discovering details about those networks.Īll available wireless network names, SSID, channels, band, network protocol (wireless n, g, b, etc), the network security type, the network signal strength, and the network noise level of the signal discovered will be listed by the scan utility. Within the Scanner tool, click on the Scan button to scan for available networks.Go to the “Window” menu and choose “Scan” to immediately open the Wi-Fi Stumbler tool built into Mac OS X.Now that you’re in Wireless Diagnostics, here’s how to use the Scanner: Scanning for Wi-Fi Networks with the Mac Wireless Diagnostics Tool This is somewhat hidden, but still much easier than accessing it in prior releases of OS X where the app was basically hidden. Option+Click on the Wi-Fi menu item in OS X.In modern versions of Mac OS X like OS X Yosemite, OS X Mavericks, you can get to Wireless Diagnostics from the Wi-Fi menubar item: Once you are satisfied, select ‘Start’ to begin copying your document.Accessing Wireless Diagnostics in Mac OS X colour or black & white) using the options presented. Adjust the appearance of your copied document (e.g.Select the ‘Use Copier Function’ option, then ‘Quick Copy’.Log into the printer using your student card.Photocopying costs are the same as printing. Your scan will be automatically emailed to you. Adjust the quality of your scan using the options presented.Select the ‘Use Copier Function’ option, then ‘Scan & Send’.Log into the printer using your student card, or by entering your UniKey username and password.Scanning is free from the print, scan and copy devices at our libraries, Learning Hubs and Computer Access Labs. If you need to obtain a refund due to a printing error you will need to contact ICT via the University Service Desk by calling 1800 SYD UNI (1800 793 864) or +61 2 8627 1444 and selecting option 3 for ICT. If there is a technical issue with the printer they may be able reprint your job for you. If you have any problems printing you should talk to the ICT Learning Hub or library staff who will help you resolve the issue. Guest print cards are also available at SydPay kiosks located in the Fisher, Scitech, Conservatorium and Law Libraries. Guest computers are available in the following library locations: Guest users will need to use the guest computers to send a print job. Your print job will stay on the print server for six hours before being deleted.įollow-Me printers are available in all libraries and Learning Hubs across the main campus. Don’t forget to tap off before you walk away to ensure no one else can access your account after you’ve finished. You will only be charged once the print job has been released. Select your print job and press print, or select ‘Print all’ to print all of your documents.If you don’t have your student card with you, you can still release your print jobs by entering your UniKey username and password at the printer’s touchscreen. Go to any Follow Me printer and tap your student card on the reader, where the red & white sticker is (tap on/off).Send your print job to the ‘Follow-me-grayscale’ (default) or ‘Follow-me-colour’ printers.Printing cost per sheet depends on the size and type.īefore attempting to print, make sure you have enough funds in your SydPay account. You can print using the University’s ‘Follow-Me’ printing service, either by using the computers we provide on campus or your own personal device. You can access printing, scanning and photocopying devices at our libraries, learning hubs and computer access labs. High-innovation, China partners involved in the signings include the Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen Shenzhen Innox Academy International Digital Economy Academy X-Institute Southern University of Science and Technology Xbotpark Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology and Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data. KAUST’s assets include its globally recognized faculty and student subject experts world-class facilities, including the Core Labs and Shaheen III supercomputer - to be the most powerful supercomputer in the Middle East advanced training and specialized equipment and network of partnerships with Saudi industries, ministries and academic entities in fields such as telecommunications, semiconducting, energy and environmental engineering, artificial intelligence, materials design, computer science and bioscience, to name a few. Tony Chan and a delegation of 10 university representatives met with diverse leaders there to create partnerships that will accelerate knowledge exchange and the commercialization of impactful technologies into innovative, market-ready products that can address global challenges. Shenzhen, the third largest city in China, is dubbed the “Silicon Valley of China” for being a major global technology, manufacturing and research hub with many important institutions headquartered there. As a leading institute of research excellence in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) joined forces with leading business and academic institutes in Shenzhen, China to sign strategic agreements of cooperation that align strengths in research, development and innovation. |